结合非负张量表示与扩展隐Dirichlet分配模型的图像标注

由于"语义鸿沟"的存在,自动图像标注是一项极具挑战性的工作。考虑到图像低层视觉特征与高层语义概念的差异,分别从图像表示与语义建模两个方面来实现自动图像标注。在图像表示方面,提出了一种正则化约束下的非负张量表示方法,用以提取符合人眼视觉直观理解的图像高阶结构特征。在语义建模方面,提出了一种三层贝叶斯模型——扩展隐Dirichlet分配。该模型利用隐变量来实现图像与标注词的关联,并通过一种基于变分推理的期望最大值方法来估计参数。实验结果表明,ELDA模型在大规模数据库NUS-WIDE上的标注结果相较于现有方法有了显著的提高。     

Estimation of the kinetic parameters for thermal decomposition of HNIW and its adiabatic time-to-explosion by Kooij formula

A differential/integral method to estimate the kinetic parameters (apparent activation energy E_a and pre-exponential factor A) for thermal decomposition reaction of energetic materials based on Kooij formula are applied to study the nonisothermal decomposition reaction kinetics of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) by analyzing nonisothermal DSC curve data. The apparent activation energy (E_a) obtained by the integral isoconversional non-isothermal method based on Kooij formula is used to check the constancy and validity of apparent activation energy by the differential/integral method based on Kooij formula. The most probable mechanism function of thermal decomposition reaction of HNIW is determined by a logical choice method. The equations for calculating the critical temperatures of thermal explosion (T_b) and adiabatic time-to-explosion (t_TIad) based on Kooij formula are used to calculate the values of T_b and t_TIad to evaluate the thermal safety and heat-resistant ability of HNIW. All the original data needed for analyzing the kinetic parameters are from nonisothermal DSC curves. The results show that the kinetic model function in differential form and the values of E_a and A of decomposition reaction of HNIW are 3(1 − α)[−ln(1 − α)]^2/3, 152.73 kJ mol⁻¹ and 10^11.97 s⁻¹, respectively, and the values of self-accelerating decomposition temperature (T_SADT), T_b and t_TIad are 486.55 K, 493.11 K and 52.01 s, respectively.     

一种基于Q-R矩阵分解的自适应滤波算法

由于计算误差等因素的影响,致使滤波协方差阵不对称或负定,从而导致滤波器发散,影响滤波算法的收敛速度和稳定性。在机动加速度"当前"统计自适应卡尔曼滤波算法的基础上,引入了基于Q-R矩阵分解的自适应卡尔曼滤波算法。将协方差阵分解为两个矩阵的乘积,来保证协方差矩阵的正定性。仿真结果表明,该算法可以较好地跟踪机动目标,具有精度高、稳定好、收敛快等特点。     

Hilbert谱分析和平稳度

提出了本征模式函数IMF成员相应的幅度及频率时间函数的计算方法。由函数的Hilbert谱可获得相关的边缘谱,边缘谱确定了几乎连续的能量分布,从而提供了通过每个频率值测量总能量的方法。根据能量-频率-时间分布,就可以定量确定平稳性,平稳性是物理过程的一个复杂属性,其由平稳度DS和统计平稳度DSS进行度量,同时给出了DS和DSS的计算公式。     

基于高斯白噪声加入的EMD在旋转机械故障诊断中的应用研究

为了避免经验模式分解(EMD)过程中不同时间尺度函数间的模式混叠,采用基于高斯白噪声加入的经验模式分解方法,并将之应用于旋转机械故障诊断中。该方法主要是对同一信号重复若干次加入相互独立的高斯白噪声序列,并分别筛选固有模式函数,而后把各个对应的固有模式函数进行平均计算,消除白噪声对分解结果的影响。最后,通过对固有模式函数进行包络解调,从中提取故障特征。对实际旋转机械故障振动信号的分析结果表明,该方法能有效避免固有模式函数间模式混叠,提高故障诊断效果。     

一种新的基于特征值分解的双站无源定位算法

在自卫式噪声干扰的条件下,地面制导雷达将无法得到目标的斜距信息,无法实现对目标的定位,此时只有采用雷达组网方式,利用2个或多个雷达站的测角信息来对空间目标进行定位。提出一种基于特征值分解的新的定位跟踪算法,该算法具有计算简单、清晰,运算量小的优点,仿真也表明该算法有较好的精度。     

Preparation of ammonium nitrate-based solid composite propellants supplemented with polyurethane/nitrocellulose blends binder and their thermal decomposition behavior

To improve the performance of solid composite propellants (SCPs) supplemented with ammonium nitrate (AN) as an oxidizer, the incorporation of energetic ingredients such as explosives, energetic binders or catalysts is a common effective approach. For this purpose, polyurethane (PU), a typical inert binder, was mixed with nitrocellulose (NC) as an energetic polymer. Numerous composite solid propellant compositions based on AN and NC-modified polyurethane binder with different NC ratios were prepared. The prepared formulations were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), RAMAN spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron densimetry, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A kinetic study was then performed using the iterative Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (It-KAS), Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (It-FWO), and non-linear Vyazovkin integral with compensation effect (VYA/CE) methods. The theoretical performances, such as theoretical specific impulse, adiabatic flame temperature, and ideal exhaust gaseous species, were also determined using the NASA Lewis Code, Chemical Equilibrium with Application (CEA). Spectroscopic examinations revealed the existence of NC and full polymerization of PU in the prepared propellants. According to density tests, the density of the propellant increases as the nitrocellulose component increases. According to the thermal analysis and kinetics study, the increase in NC content catalyzed the thermal decomposition of the AN-based composite solid propellants. Based on the theoretical study, increasing the amount of NC in the propellant increased the specific impulse and, as a result, the overall performance.     

舰艇编队海上运输补给物资需求预测方法

按照是否与任务、事件相关,将物资需求分为两类,对于任务、事件相关物资需求的预测,将任务进行合理的分解,并根据物资消耗与任务、事件之间的关系,给出了预测的一般模型;对于与任务、事件联系不紧密的物资需求的预测,则根据历史经验及该物资固有的消耗规律,提出了经验预测模型。为了解决舰艇编队海上运输补给物资需求预测所存在的问题,利用案例推理的方法生成了预测所需的样本数据,以最小二乘向量机(LSSVM)模型为预测模型,并以岛屿进攻作战的防空弹药需求预测为例进行了实例分析。结果表明:案例推理生成的样本数据可用,选用LSSVM模型的预测结果与其他预测模型表现出了一致性,但LSSVM相对误差较小;该方法在某种程度上解决了样本数据有限的问题,适用于作战物资需求的预测问题。     

给定任务和模式下指挥体系节点重要性评估方法

针对一般节点重要度评估方法没有考虑指挥体系网络与外界的交互以及自身运行机制的问题,研究了指挥节点的重要度评估方法,在一般网络结构重要度分析基础上,综合作战任务和指挥模式对节点的需求,提出了作战任务对节点依赖度以及指挥模式对节点依赖度的计算方法,最后设计了评估算法并给出具体算法流程,案例分析结果证明该算法合理、有效。     

基于改进经验AM-FM解调的复杂信号瞬时特征分析方法

分析了Hilbert变换在计算复杂单分量信号瞬时特征时存在的不足,研究了一种称为经验AM-FM解调的信号瞬时特征计算方法,并对算法进行了改进.针对其在计算瞬时频率时易受噪声影响的不足,提出将该算法与加权平滑相位差分法相结合来抑制噪声的影响.结合经验模式分解和改进的经验AM-FM解调算法,提出了一种适合复杂多分量信号解调...